The art of the basics

How aperture and shutter speed can be applied to bring out the art of the subject. The depth-of-field, the foundation that we must build upon.

Aperture - Size of Aperture, Depth of Field. "Half stops"

The aperture is an adjustable diaphragm in the lens.

Most of the time it's controlled by the camera itself, but can be controlled on a manual lense via an aperture ring on the base of the lens. 

Each number is exactly half or double the area of the one beside it. 

The higher the "F" - The darker the image. 

The depth-of-field (DOF) is the distance that will be in acceptable focus, in front of an behind the point of actual focus. 

On any lens you can measure focal length, you can measure aperture, but you can't measure depth of field. 

Pinhole photography is basically an infinite depth of field.

The issues with DOF (Three things affect it) 

Aperture, Physical distance, Type of lense. 

IMPORTANT: DOF is NOT a well defined zone over which everything is in sharp focus. There's no defined edge to a DOF. The only area which will be essentially sharp is the focal point. 

To get the Max-DOF, choose the smallest aperture, correct... But another technique is the decision of where to focus.

In landscape photography you'll see aperture settings as (large numbers) selected by photographers. In Portraits often a large aperture is chosen to get a shallow DOF. 

ND4 filters reduced by 2 stops. Like a UV filter. 

ND Filter Example

The shutter is an on/off device that declares the exact moment to take an image.

Read more about the Pinhole Camera.

Tech > Tripod not always stable.

Applications of movement blurring against the subject matter. 

Due: Week 14