Reasons for the growth of decision-making information systems: People must:
Analyse large amounts of information, make decisions quickly, Apply sophisticated analysis techniques.
Types of Decion Systems - As you move up the 'business pyramid' users move from requiring transactional information to analytical information.
Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) - Basic business system that serves the operation level.
Online transaction processing (OLTP) - Capturing of transaction and event information using technology.
Online analytical processing (OLAP) - Manipulation of information to create business intelligence in support of strategic decision making.
Decision Support Systems model information to managers and business professionals during the decision-making process. There are three quantitative models; Sensitivity analysis, What-if analysis & Goal-Seeking Analysis.
EIS - A specialised DSS that support senior level executives within the organisation.
Most EISs offering the following capabilities; Consolidation, Drill-downs and SLide-and-dice.
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Various commercial applications of artificial intelligence. It simulates human intelligence such as the ability to reason and learn.
Expert Systems computerized advisory programs that imitate the reasoning processes of experts in solving difficult problems. Neutral Network attempts to emulate the way the human brain works. Genetic Algorithm is an AI system that mimics the evolutionary, survival of the fittest process. Intelligent agent is a special-purposed knowledge based information system that carries out a specific task on behalf of its users.
Data Mining is the ability to sift instantly through information to uncover patterns and relationships. Data-mining systems include many forms of AI such as neural networks.
Business Process Modelling
Business Process is a standardised set of activities that accomplish a specific task such as processing a customer's order. Business Process Modelling or mapping the activity of creating a detailed flow chart or process map of a work process showing its inputs, tasks and activities in a structured sequence. Business process model a graphical description of a process, showing the sequence of tasks.
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